16 Jul Jacks, Lifts, and Hoists – Give Them the Safety Priority They Deserve

Jacks, Lifts, and Hoists – Give Them the Safety Priority They Deserve

Jacks, vehicle lifts, and hoists make it possible to raise and move loads that would otherwise be impossible to handle safely. However, failure, overloading, improper positioning, or unsafe operation can result in crushing, caught-between, struck-by, and fatal injuries.

Never assume that a raised load will remain in place. Use equipment designed and rated for the load, inspect it before use, and provide appropriate support before anyone works beneath an elevated load.

Jacks and Jack Stands

Select a jack with a rated capacity sufficient for the load being lifted. Never exceed the manufacturer’s rated capacity or use a jack for a purpose for which it was not designed.

When using jacks:

• Inspect the jack before use for damage, leaks, excessive wear, or other defects.
• Position the jack on a firm, level, stable surface capable of supporting the anticipated load.
• Ensure the jack is properly positioned beneath the manufacturer’s designated lifting point.
• Center the load to prevent slipping or instability.
• Do not use makeshift extensions or blocks to increase the lifting height unless specifically permitted by the manufacturer.
• Raise the load only as high as necessary.
• Once the load is raised, immediately block, crib, or otherwise securely support it.
• Use properly rated jack stands when appropriate.
• Never work, crawl, or place any part of your body beneath a load supported only by a jack.
• Lower loads slowly and ensure personnel are clear before lowering.
• Tag defective jacks “DO NOT USE” and remove them from service.

OSHA requires jacks to have their rated load permanently marked in a prominent location and prohibits loading them beyond their rated capacity. Jacks must also be properly maintained and inspected.

Hoists

Only employees who have been trained and authorized should operate hoisting equipment. Before lifting, know the weight of the load and the rated capacity of the hoist and associated rigging.

Before and during hoisting operations:

• Inspect the hoist, hooks, chains, wire ropes, controls, brakes, and other components as required.
• Verify that the hoist has sufficient rated capacity for the load.
• Never exceed the rated load.
• Ensure hooks and other attachments are properly positioned and secured.
• Do not use chains or wire ropes that are kinked, twisted, damaged, or improperly seated.
• Center the hoist over the load whenever practicable to avoid side loading.
• Take up slack gradually before beginning the lift.
• Keep hands, feet, and other body parts away from pinch points.
• Raise the load slightly and verify that it is balanced and secure before continuing the lift.
• Never leave a suspended load unattended unless the equipment and procedure specifically permit it.
• Never allow employees to stand, walk, or work beneath a suspended load.
• Never use a material hoist to lift personnel unless the equipment is specifically designed, approved, and used for that purpose.
• Stop operation immediately if the hoist malfunctions or operates abnormally.

Do not attempt unauthorized repairs or modifications. Defective equipment must be removed from service until properly repaired and determined safe for use.

Vehicle Lifts

Vehicle lifts must be operated according to the manufacturer’s instructions and rated capacity. Employees must be trained in the particular type of lift they are authorized to operate.

Before raising a vehicle:

• Inspect the lift and surrounding area.
• Verify that the vehicle does not exceed the lift’s rated capacity.
• Position the vehicle correctly and use the manufacturer’s recommended lifting points.
• Ensure lift arms, pads, adapters, and other contact points are properly positioned.
• Close doors, hood, and trunk when appropriate and remove loose objects that could fall.
• Ensure no one remains inside the vehicle while it is being raised or lowered.
• Keep employees clear while initially raising the vehicle.
• Raise the vehicle a short distance and verify that it is stable before continuing.
• Engage the lift’s mechanical locking devices before working beneath the vehicle.
• Keep the area beneath and around the lift free of oil, grease, tools, hoses, cords, and other slip or trip hazards.

Never attempt to stabilize an improperly positioned vehicle by hand while the lift is moving. Lower the vehicle and reposition it correctly.

Working Beneath Raised Equipment

The greatest danger associated with lifting equipment is the possibility that the load could unexpectedly move or fall.

Before working underneath a raised vehicle, machine, attachment, or other load:

• Confirm that the lifting equipment is properly positioned.
• Provide approved secondary support when required.
• Engage mechanical safety locks.
• Block or crib equipment where appropriate.
• Lower attachments whenever possible.
• Shut down equipment and control hazardous energy before maintenance or repair work.
• Verify stability before entering the danger area.

Hydraulic pressure alone is not adequate protection for an employee working beneath raised equipment.

Inspections and Defective Equipment

Jacks, hoists, lifts, stands, and related equipment must be maintained in safe operating condition.

Before use, look for:

• Cracks, bends, or deformation.
• Hydraulic or pneumatic leaks.
• Damaged chains, cables, hooks, or attachments.
• Missing or damaged safety devices.
• Improper operation of controls.
• Damaged locking mechanisms.
• Excessive wear or corrosion.
• Missing or illegible capacity markings.
• Any condition that could affect safe operation.

If equipment appears damaged or operates improperly, stop using it, tag it out of service, and report the condition to your supervisor.

Remember

Never trust your life to a jack, hydraulic pressure, or suspended load. Use equipment within its rated capacity, support raised loads properly, keep clear of suspended loads, and never work beneath equipment until it is positively secured against movement.