A Convenience Store Safety Manual provides written occupational safety and health programs, procedures, and responsibilities for convenience stores, neighborhood markets, fuel-and-convenience locations, travel stores, and other small retail establishments.
Convenience store employees may work with the public, handle cash, stock merchandise, receive deliveries, prepare food and beverages, clean the store, take out trash, enter coolers and storage areas, and work during late-night or overnight hours. Stores with fuel operations may also expose employees to hazards associated with gasoline, flammable vapors, fuel spills, vehicle traffic, and fuel deliveries.
Employees may be exposed to workplace violence, robbery, threatening customers, slips and falls, lifting injuries, knives and cutting tools, hot food equipment, cleaning chemicals, electrical hazards, vehicle traffic, and working-alone hazards.
Because convenience stores vary considerably in size and operation, the safety manual should reflect the store’s hours, staffing, food-service operations, fuel operations, equipment, chemicals, security systems, delivery activities, and employee exposures actually present.
The contents of a Convenience Store Safety Manual should reflect the store’s actual operations.
A small neighborhood convenience store may need a different combination of programs than a 24-hour fuel-and-convenience location containing multiple cash registers, extensive food preparation, fryers, coolers, freezers, fuel dispensers, propane exchange, loading areas, and overnight operations.
Depending on operations, the manual may address:
Programs should be selected according to the work actually performed, hazards present, equipment used, and applicable safety requirements.
An effective Convenience Store Safety Program establishes responsibilities and procedures for identifying workplace hazards, protecting employees from violence and robbery, maintaining safe store conditions, controlling chemical and equipment hazards, providing appropriate training, and correcting unsafe conditions.
Management should provide employees with the equipment, safeguards, training, PPE, and resources necessary to perform their assigned work safely.
Managers and supervisors should:
Employees should follow established procedures, use required safeguards and PPE, report unsafe conditions, and operate only equipment for which they have received appropriate training and authorization.
Store operations should be evaluated to identify hazards associated with customer interaction, cash handling, late-night work, stocking, food service, cleaning, receiving, fuel operations, waste handling, and other employee activities.
Hazard assessments may consider:
Assessments should be reviewed when operations, staffing, equipment, store layout, hours, or other conditions change significantly.
Periodic safety inspections can help identify unsafe conditions and verify that established procedures are being followed.
Inspections may include:
Identified deficiencies should be documented and corrected in a timely manner.
A Job Safety Analysis (JSA/JHA) can be used to evaluate higher-hazard convenience store activities and establish appropriate controls before work begins.
JSAs/JHAs may be appropriate for:
The JSA/JHA should identify task steps, hazards associated with each step, and controls necessary to perform the work safely.
Workplace violence is an important convenience store hazard because employees frequently interact with the public, handle money, work during late-night hours, and may work with limited staffing.
A Workplace Violence Prevention Program should reflect the store’s actual risk factors.
Potential risk factors may include:
Management should periodically evaluate the store for workplace-violence hazards and implement appropriate controls.
Employees should be trained in the store’s robbery-prevention and response procedures.
Security measures may include:
Employees should understand that protecting people takes priority over protecting cash or merchandise.
Employees should follow established robbery-response procedures.
Employees generally should:
Employees should not take unnecessary risks to protect company property.
Cash-handling procedures should be designed to reduce employee exposure to robbery.
Procedures may include:
Employees should not discuss cash-storage procedures with unauthorized persons.
Convenience stores operating late at night or 24 hours a day should evaluate hazards associated with reduced staffing, fewer customers, darkness, and increased vulnerability to robbery or violence.
Controls may include:
Employees should know how to obtain emergency assistance quickly.
Employees working alone may face increased risk during robberies, medical emergencies, threatening encounters, and other incidents.
Where employees work alone, procedures should address:
The employer should evaluate whether particular tasks or circumstances are appropriate for an employee working alone.
Store security procedures should protect employees without unnecessarily placing them in confrontational situations.
Potential security measures include:
Security equipment should be maintained in functional condition.
Employees may encounter angry, intoxicated, threatening, or otherwise unpredictable customers.
Employees should be trained to:
Employees should not attempt to physically control a threatening customer unless their assigned duties and training specifically require such action.
Employees should follow established company procedures when shoplifting is suspected.
Employees should not physically pursue, restrain, or confront suspected shoplifters when doing so could expose them or others to violence.
Store policies should clearly establish:
Protecting employees and customers should take priority over recovering merchandise.
Employees should have a reliable method for obtaining assistance during emergencies.
Depending on the store, communication systems may include:
Employees should understand how and when to use emergency communication systems.
Employees may be exposed to violence, vehicle traffic, poor lighting, weather, and slip or trip hazards while working outside the store.
Exterior safety procedures should address:
Employees should promptly report damaged lighting or other conditions that may reduce security.
Convenience stores selling motor fuel should address hazards associated with gasoline, diesel fuel, flammable vapors, vehicles, fuel dispensers, spills, and fuel deliveries.
Procedures may address:
Employees assigned fuel-related responsibilities should receive appropriate training.
Gasoline and other motor fuels should be stored, handled, and dispensed according to applicable requirements.
Employees should understand that gasoline vapors can ignite when exposed to an appropriate ignition source.
Smoking and open flames should be prohibited in applicable fueling areas.
Fuel-related equipment should be maintained in safe operating condition.
Fuel dispensers should be periodically observed for damage, leaks, impact damage, or other unsafe conditions.
Employees should know:
Damaged dispensing equipment should not remain in use when its condition creates a hazard.
Employees should receive instructions appropriate to their expected role during a fuel spill.
Procedures should address:
Employees should not attempt to handle a spill beyond their training, equipment, or assigned responsibilities.
Tank-truck deliveries can introduce additional vehicle, transfer, fire, and spill hazards.
Employees should follow established procedures for coordinating deliveries.
Access to fill locations should remain appropriately controlled.
Potential ignition sources should be controlled in applicable areas.
Convenience store employees may work near vehicles while retrieving carts, cleaning exterior areas, handling trash, receiving deliveries, or responding to fuel-area conditions.
Employees should remain alert for moving vehicles and avoid standing unnecessarily in vehicle travel paths.
High-visibility clothing may be appropriate for certain exterior tasks depending on conditions.
Many convenience stores prepare or serve hot food, sandwiches, baked products, beverages, or other food items.
Food-service employee safety procedures should reflect the equipment and tasks actually performed.
Potential hazards include:
Employees working with fryers may be exposed to hot oil, hot surfaces, steam, and slippery floors.
Employees should:
Only employees permitted by applicable requirements and company procedures should operate or service fryers.
Ovens, grills, warmers, hot plates, rollers, coffee equipment, and other heated appliances can cause burns.
Employees should use appropriate handles, tools, and PPE when necessary.
Hot surfaces should be maintained and guarded as appropriate.
Damaged appliances should be removed from service when necessary.
Coffee, hot water, and other heated beverages can cause serious burns.
Employees should use caution when:
Leaks or defective dispensing equipment should be promptly reported.
Employees may use knives, box cutters, scissors, and other cutting tools during food preparation, stocking, and opening packages.
Employees should:
Box cutters are commonly used during stocking and receiving.
Employees should use approved cutting tools according to established procedures.
Blades should be retracted or otherwise protected when not in use.
Employees should avoid cutting toward themselves or other employees.
Food-processing, packaging, maintenance, or other powered equipment may create cutting, crushing, entanglement, or amputation hazards.
Required guards and safeguards should remain installed and functional.
Employees should not remove, defeat, or bypass required safeguards.
Servicing or maintenance of powered equipment may expose employees to hazardous energy.
Where Lockout/Tagout requirements apply, hazardous energy should be appropriately isolated and controlled before servicing or maintenance begins.
Employees should not attempt maintenance beyond their authorization and training.
Convenience stores frequently contain conditions capable of creating slip and trip hazards.
Potential hazards include:
Employees should promptly clean or protect spills and report unsafe walking surfaces.
Employees should use appropriate procedures when cleaning spills.
The area should be protected from customer and employee traffic when necessary.
Employees should use appropriate cleanup materials and PPE based on the substance involved.
Chemical or fuel spills should be handled according to the applicable response procedures rather than treated as ordinary floor spills.
Floors, sidewalks, stairs, ramps, storage areas, and other walking-working surfaces should be maintained in safe condition.
Damaged flooring, uneven surfaces, loose mats, ice, poor drainage, and other hazards should be promptly addressed.
Walkways and exits should remain reasonably clear.
Stocking can expose employees to lifting, reaching, falling objects, cutting tools, ladders, and repetitive work.
Employees should:
Convenience store employees may handle beverage cases, boxes, food products, ice, trash, propane cylinders, and other heavy or awkward materials.
Employees should evaluate loads before lifting and obtain assistance when necessary.
Carts, dollies, hand trucks, or other material-handling equipment should be used where practical.
Stocking, cashier work, food preparation, cleaning, and material handling can expose employees to repetitive motion, forceful exertion, awkward postures, and prolonged standing.
Workstations and work practices should be evaluated where appropriate to reduce unnecessary ergonomic stress.
Employees should use an appropriate ladder or step stool when accessing elevated merchandise or storage.
Employees should not climb:
Ladders and step stools should be maintained in safe condition.
Walk-in coolers and freezers can expose employees to cold temperatures, wet floors, lifting hazards, shelving, and restricted work areas.
Employees should:
Employees should know how to exit walk-in units and how to obtain assistance during an emergency.
Cleaning activities may expose employees to chemicals, wet floors, electrical equipment, sharp objects, and waste.
Cleaning procedures should address:
Employees should not mix chemicals unless specifically authorized and instructed to do so.
Employees exposed to hazardous chemicals should receive appropriate information and training.
The Hazard Communication Program should address applicable:
Employees should understand how to obtain and use Safety Data Sheets.
PPE requirements should be based on workplace hazard assessments and employee tasks.
Depending on the work performed, PPE may include:
PPE should be appropriately selected, maintained, and used.
Electrical equipment, cords, plugs, receptacles, appliances, and panels should be maintained in safe condition.
Employees should not use damaged electrical equipment.
Electrical panels should remain appropriately accessible.
Only qualified or otherwise authorized personnel should perform electrical work requiring specialized knowledge or training.
Employees handling trash should be alert for broken glass, sharp objects, leaking containers, heavy bags, and other hazards.
Employees should:
Stores using compactors or balers should establish appropriate operating and energy-control procedures.
Employees should not climb into compactors or place their bodies into hazardous areas.
Access should be restricted to appropriately trained and authorized employees.
Age restrictions for young workers should be observed.
Stores offering propane-cylinder exchange should establish procedures for safe handling and storage.
Employees should:
Employees should not attempt unauthorized repair of propane cylinders or valves.
Receiving areas may expose employees to delivery vehicles, hand trucks, pallet jacks, falling merchandise, and material-handling hazards.
Procedures should address:
Fire-prevention procedures should reflect the store’s actual hazards.
Potential considerations include:
Fire extinguishers and other fire-protection equipment should remain accessible.
Employees should understand procedures to follow during foreseeable store emergencies.
The Emergency Action Plan may address:
Employees should understand alarm methods, exit routes, assembly locations, emergency communication procedures, and their assigned responsibilities.
Exit routes should remain accessible and reasonably free of obstructions.
Merchandise, displays, boxes, carts, trash, and other materials should not block required exits or exit access.
Employees should promptly report damaged exit doors, emergency lighting, or exit signs.
Convenience stores should establish procedures for obtaining prompt medical assistance.
Employees should understand:
Employees designated to provide first aid should receive appropriate training.
Employees may encounter blood following customer or employee injuries, violent incidents, discarded needles, or other events.
The employer should evaluate job classifications and tasks to determine whether occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials is reasonably anticipated.
Where occupational exposure exists, applicable Bloodborne Pathogens requirements should be implemented.
Employees who are not trained or designated to clean blood or other potentially infectious materials should follow established procedures for isolating the area and obtaining assistance.
Convenience stores may employ teenagers and other workers who are new to the workforce.
Young and inexperienced employees may be especially vulnerable to injuries involving equipment, hot surfaces, knives, lifting, slippery floors, trash handling, and workplace violence.
Employers should:
Age-related restrictions on hours, equipment, and hazardous occupations should be observed.
Certain powered equipment and hazardous activities may be prohibited for employees below specified ages.
Management should determine applicable restrictions before assigning young employees to operate, clean, service, load, unload, or otherwise work with hazardous equipment.
Restricted equipment should be clearly identified where practical.
Employees should not be assigned work simply because another employee of a different age or classification is permitted to perform it.
New employees may be unfamiliar with store hazards, security procedures, equipment, chemicals, and emergency requirements.
Orientation should address:
Additional supervision should be provided when appropriate until employees demonstrate the ability to perform assigned work safely.
Safety training should reflect each employee’s assigned work and exposure.
Depending on operations, training may address:
Training should be provided before employees independently perform tasks requiring specific knowledge or skills and repeated when required or when circumstances indicate retraining is necessary.
Convenience stores can use JSAs/JHAs to document safe work procedures for recurring higher-hazard tasks.
Potential Convenience Store JSAs/JHAs include:
Short safety meetings can reinforce safe work practices and address current workplace concerns.
Potential topics include:
Depending on convenience store operations, additional safety programs may be necessary for:
These programs should be included when employee activities or workplace hazards make them applicable rather than automatically adding programs unrelated to the store’s operations.
A useful Convenience Store Safety Manual should reflect the actual store rather than simply combining generic retail and food-service policies.
A 24-hour convenience store with fuel dispensers, substantial cash handling, extensive food preparation, fryers, walk-in coolers, propane exchange, overnight employees, and frequent deliveries may require substantially more safety programs than a small daytime neighborhood market.
The manual should consider:
Selecting the appropriate programs creates a manual that is comprehensive without filling it with procedures unrelated to the employer’s operations.
A Convenience Store Safety Manual can be developed around the specific store operations, hours, staffing, security concerns, food-service equipment, fuel operations, chemicals, and employee exposures of the business.
The finished manual may incorporate applicable programs for workplace violence, robbery prevention, working alone, fuel safety, food-service equipment, Hazard Communication, PPE, slips and falls, material handling, young workers, fire prevention, emergency procedures, and other hazards present within the operation.
This provides convenience store employers with a practical safety manual organized around the work their employees actually perform.